Gynae-Oncology is a highly specialised branch of oncology that specifically deals with the diagnosis, assessment, staging, treatment, management and prevention of gynaecological cancer. Such cancers are specific to women and involve the organs and parts lying in the pelvic area. Endometrial cancer, also referred to as uterine cancer, is the most common type of gynaecological cancer, whereas vaginal cancer is the rarest of all.
Some of the most common Gynaecological Cancers include:
Cervical Cancer - Cervical Cancer is a malignancy that originates in the cervix, i.e. the lower portion of the uterus that ends in the vagina. Women lying in the age group of 30 to 45 years have been found to be more susceptible to cervical cancer and the chances are negligible in women below 25 years of age.
Cervical Cancer is marked by symptoms like abnormal vaginal bleeding, chronic pelvic pain and heavy vaginal discharge.
The risks of cervical cancer are high in women who do not practice safe sex, have a compromised immune system, have been taking miscarriage prevention drugs for a long, have a sexually transmitted infection like AIDS or gonorrhoea, or started indulging in sexual activities at a very small age.
Ovarian Cancer - Ovarian cancer is a malignancy that develops as a result of unintended DNA mutations in the ovarian cells, resulting in their uncontrollable growth. Every female has a pair of ovaries, with one ovary located on either side. These are responsible for the production of reproductive hormones. Ovarian cancer is quite aggressive and progresses at a very fast pace.
Common symptoms associated with ovarian cancer include unintended weight loss, abdominal bloating, pelvic and back pain, frequent urge to urinate and change in bowel habits.
The risks of ovarian cancer are higher in elderly women. Other risk factors associated with the malignancy are inherited gene mutations, family history of cancer, obesity and underlying conditions like endometriosis. Women who start to menstruate early, or, are undergoing postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy also happen to be more susceptible.
Endometrial Cancer - Also known as uterine cancer, it is a malignancy that develops in the cells lining the uterus. These are commonly referred to as endometrial cells. The cancer is usually detected during the initial stages as the patient tends to experience heavy vaginal bleeding.
Endometrial Cancer is marked by abnormal vaginal bleeding, which may be experienced in between your periods for women after menopause. This is accompanied by chronic pelvic and back pain. Some women also tend to experience bladder incontinence.
Various risk factors associated with endometrial cancer include abnormal hormone changes, early onset of menstruation and late menopause, inability to conceive, and obesity. The risks are also high in women who have been going hormone therapy for breast cancer or have inherited colon cancer syndrome.
Vaginal Cancer - It is a rare type of cancer that usually originates from the cells lining the vagina, also referred to as the birth canal. A malignancy can spread from other parts of the body to the vagina via metastasis, resulting in secondary cancer. Primary vaginal cancer is, however, very less common.
Common sentences associated with vaginal cancer include abnormal vaginal discharge or bleeding, a mass or growth in the vagina, painful urination, chronic pelvic pain and change in bowel habits.
The risks of vaginal cancer at higher in women above 60 years of age are those who have been detected with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Excessive use of miscarriage prevention dogs can also make you more susceptible to vaginal cancer.
Vulvar Cancer - Vulvar cancer is a malignancy that develops in the vulva, i.e. the outer part of the female genitalia, that surrounds genital organs like the vagina, clitoris and labia. The cancer is usually marked by the development of malignant growth or sore, which is usually painful and itchy. All the malignancy can affect women of any age group, it is most common in elderly women.
Common symptoms associated with vulvar cancer include severe itching, chronic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, change in skin texture and colour and open sores.
The risks of vulvar cancer arrive in elderly women. Other risk factors associated with malignancy include being infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), excessive smoking, compromised immune system, having an underlying disease or infection involving the vulva.
Treatment
The treatment modality depends upon the type of cancer and its stage. These include surgical intervention as well as therapies and medication for effective management of the symptoms.
Why Eternal Hospital?
At Eternal Hospital, we have a highly qualified and dedicated team of experts who are always committed to providing the latest and most advanced medical care to all our patients. Being a trusted name in healthcare, we act compassionately while ensuring confidentiality to those who need it. We have set high standards in patient-centric premium care along with outstanding patient safety and exceptional maintenance in a timely manner. We adhere to the use of up to the minute innovations to offer state-of-the-art treatments to our patients with unparalleled results.